APEH

Congress of Vienna

pp. 681-685

Identifications:

• Robert Steward, Viscount Castlereagh

• Alexander I

• Polish-Saxon question

• the Hundred Days

• Holy Alliance

Questions:

1. Who were the principal personalities, and what were the most significant problems , of the Congress of Vienna?
2. What were the results of the Congress, and why were they significant?
3. How was the map of Europe altered by the Congress of Vienna? 

APEH

Restoration Period:  The ISMs

pp. 685-703

Identifications:

• Romanticism

• sturm und drang

• Émile

• Johann Gottfried Herder

• Blake, Coleridge, Wordsworth, Byron

• Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

• Methodism

• René de Chateaubriand

• J. G. Fichte

• Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

• Giuseppe Mazzini

• nationalism

• liberalism

• conservatism

Questions:

1. Compare the role of feelings for romantic writers with the role of reason for Enlightenment writers.  What questions did Rousseau and Kant raise about reason?
2. How did the romantic writers use the idea of history? 

APEH

Restoration Period:  Conservatism vs. Reform

pp. 710-719, 724-734 (skip section on Latin American Wars of Independence)

Identifications:

• Conservatism

• Burschenschaften

• Carlsbad Decrees

• Corn Law

• Combination Acts

• Peterloo Massacre

• Six Acts

• White Terror

• Concert of Europe

• Protocol of Troppau

• "The Eastern Question"

• The Greek Revolution

• Karageorge and Milos

• Decembrist Revolt of 1825

• Tsar Nicholas I

• Charles X

• Four Ordinances

• July Revolution of 1830

• Louis Philippe and the July Monarchy

• Catholic Emancipation Act

• "rotten boroughs"

• 1832 Great Reform Bill

Questions:

1. It may be helpful to think of the early 19th-century as a political tug-of-war between conservative and liberal forces.  As you read, keep track of which side seems to be winning by the 1830s in each country.  Use a chart like the one below to help organize your thoughts.